The essential guide-updated, expanded, and easier to use than ever. Creating a successful literature review can be a daunting task, which is why so many researchers have relied on previous editions of this book to make the process more manageable. Using the six-step model, you'll work seamlessly to narrow your research topic, focus your literature search, negotiate the myriad of books, periodicals, and reports about your topic-and, of course, write the review. Updated, expanded, and reorganized to improve ease of use, the fourth edition of this bestselling handbook includes: New and improved graphics ideal for visualizing the process More explanations and tips, especially for writing in the early stages An expanded range of learning tools Additional reflection sections to direct metacognitive activities Four new reference supplements This pioneering book has provided countless graduate students and researchers with a road map to success. Its model takes you through the logical progression needed for producing a quality literature review-while taking the mystery out of the process.

A beginner's step-by-step guide to creating beautiful silver jewellery. Silver Jewellery Making is a practical beginners' guide to making silver jewellery. Seven step-by-step projects guide you through the core skills and techniques that will enable you to progress to making your own beautiful jewellery. The tried-and-tested projects have been developed by Machi and Janet, who have over 40 years of industry experience teaching others this amazing craft. The emphasis is on teaching good practice and acquiring the basic techniques and skills to give the reader a solid basis for developing their jewellery-making capabilities. Tools are introduced for each individual project, and their uses and correct handling explained. Troubleshooting tips explain how to overcome common problems that may arise. At the end of each project, there are examples of how the skills gained can be used to make other items. The book is perfect for those who wish to start jewellery making either on their own or as a supplement to beginners' classes.

Groups are a means of classification, via the group action on a set, but also the object of a classification. How many groups of a given type are there, and how can they be described? Holder's program for attacking this problem in the case of finite groups is a sort of leitmotiv throughout the text. Infinite groups are also considered, with particular attention to logical and decision problems. Abelian, nilpotent and solvable groups are studied both in the finite and infinite case. Permutation groups and are treated in detail; their relationship with Galois theory is often taken into account. The last two chapters deal with the representation theory of finite group and the cohomology theory of groups; the latter with special emphasis on the extension problem. The sections are followed by exercises; hints to the solution are given, and for most of them a complete solution is provided.

Nato dai corsi universitari di Teoria dei Gruppi tenuti per vari anni dall'autore, questo libro affronta gli argomenti fondamentali della teoria: gruppi abeliani, nilpotenti e risolubili, gruppi liberi, permutazioni, rappresentazioni e coomologia. Dopo le prime nozioni, viene esposto il programma di Holder per la classificazione dei gruppi finiti. Un lungo capitolo e dedicato all'azione di un gruppo su un insieme e alle permutazioni, sia sotto l'aspetto algebrico che combinatorio, con richiami alla teoria delle equazioni. Si considerano anche alcune questioni di carattere logico, come la decidibilita del problema della parola per certe classi di gruppi. Un aspetto essenziale del libro e la presenza di una grande varieta di esercizi, circa 400, in gran parte risolti.

Since the mid-1990s, tertiary education in Malaysia has experienced great transformation. Legislation was introduced to make the system more democratic and international. Focusing on public universities, this book analyses recent reforms in the sector, and seeks to initiate an urgently-needed debate on how the reforms should be implemented. this study is based on extensive interviews with academics from public universities at Malaysian institutions, because it is individual academics who play a crucial role in developing and maintaining the credibility and reputation of universities. Their stories give a clear picture of public universities that are juggling different expectations and pressures from the social, political and economic environments. The question is how this elusive balance can be achieved.

This book explores the extremely modular systems that meet two criteria: they allow the creation of structurally sound free-form structures, and they are comprised of as few types of modules as possible. Divided into two parts, it presents Pipe-Z (PZ) and Truss-Z (TZ) systems. PZ is more fundamental and forms spatial mathematical knots by assembling one type of unit (PZM). The shape of PZ is controlled by relative twists of a sequence of congruent PZMs. TZ is a skeletal system for creating free-form pedestrian ramps and ramp networks among any number of terminals in space. TZ structures are composed of four variations of a single basic unit subjected to affine transformations (mirror reflection, rotation and combination of both).

This book is comprised of two parts, both of which explore modular systems: Pipe-Z (PZ) and Truss-Z (TZ), respectively. It presents several methods of creating PZ and TZ structures subjected to discrete optimization. The algorithms presented employ graph-theoretic and heuristic methods. The underlying idea of both systems is to create free-form structures using the minimal number of types of modular elements. PZ is more conceptual, as it forms single-branch mathematical knots with a single type of module. Conversely, TZ is a skeletal system for creating free-form pedestrian ramps and ramp networks among any number of terminals in space. In physical space, TZ uses two types of modules that are mirror reflections of each other. The optimization criteria discussed include: the minimal number of units, maximal adherence to the given guide paths, etc.

This book presents three projects that demonstrate the fundamental problems of architectural design and urban composition - the layout design, evaluation and optimization. Part I describes the functional layout design of a residential building, and an evaluation of the quality of a town square (plaza). The algorithm for the functional layout design is based on backtracking using a constraint satisfaction approach combined with coarse grid discretization. The algorithm for the town square evaluation is based on geometrical properties derived directly from its plan. Part II introduces a crowd-simulation application for the analysis of escape routes on floor plans, and optimization of a floor plan for smooth crowd flow. The algorithms presented employ agent-based modeling and cellular automata.

Network Security and how to traceback, attack and react to network vulnerability and threats. Concentration on traceback techniques for attacks launched with single packets involving encrypted payloads, chaff and other obfuscation techniques. Due to the development of various tools and techniques to increase the source of network attacks, our interest will include network forensics, with the goal of identifying the specific host which launched the attack and cause denial of services (DoS). Also we will include tracing an attack that would compromise the confidentiality and integrity of information on the Intelligence Community (IC) network, which includes the NIPRNET, SIPRNET, JWICS, and IC enclaves. Deliverables will be technical reports, software, demonstrations, and results of experiments, which will provide evidence and metrics. The emergence of hybrid worm attacks utilizing multiple exploits to breach security infrastructures has forced enterprises to look into solutions that can defend their critical assets against constantly shifting threats.

Network Security and how to traceback, attack and react to network vulnerability and threats. Concentration on traceback techniques for attacks launched with single packets involving encrypted payloads, chaff and other obfuscation techniques. Due to the development of various tools and techniques to increase the source of network attacks, our interest will include network forensics, with the goal of identifying the specific host which launched the attack and cause denial of services (DoS). Also we will include tracing an attack that would compromise the confidentiality and integrity of information on the Intelligence Community (IC) network, which includes the NIPRNET, SIPRNET, JWICS, and IC enclaves. Deliverables will be technical reports, software, demonstrations, and results of experiments, which will provide evidence and metrics. The emergence of hybrid worm attacks utilizing multiple exploits to breach security infrastructures has forced enterprises to look into solutions that can defend their critical assets against constantly shifting threats.

Over two millennia ago the Roman architect Vitruvius formulated the three principles of Architecture: 1. Durability (L. firmitatis) - it should stand up robustly and remain in good condition;2. Utility (L. utilitatis) - it should be useful and function well for the people using it; and 3. Beauty (L. venustatis)- it should delight people and raise their spirits.Presently, the first two problems belong entirely to the field of Engineering Design, and the third one at least partially. Application of Computational Intelligence (CI) methods to these fundamental problems of Architecture is presented. The novelty of proposed solutions is based on the paradigm shift in the sciences caused by the introduction of "computation" in the middle of the XXth century and the resulting ability to effectively mimic natural heuristics for problem solving.

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